Abstract
In some instances, survey-style research, with its emphasis on numbers and statistics, is not enough to get at the complexity of a particular issue. In those cases, another type of approach is required. To achieve a deeper understanding of the nuances of a given circumstance, problem, or phenomenon, a qualitative research approach may be more appropriate.
A qualitative approach is one that does not rely on numbers and statistics as a method of proving a theory or identifying facts. Instead, data is more text-based and gathered though one of many different methods such as interviews, observation, case studies, or evaluation of written documents. A qualitative approach can be used in combination with survey-based research to examine consistencies or contrasts with statistical evidence, or to more fully explore the nuances and idiosyncrasies that cannot be explained through surveys alone. A deeper understanding of a situation or outcome can be gained through an exploration of what most people agree on compared to what they see differently.
This set of writings provides an introductory exploration of the many forms of qualitative assessment possible in an educational setting, with an emphasis on how these methods can promote and measure the achievement of liberal arts outcomes. First, a brief explanation is given about the nature of qualitative inquiry and how it compares to survey-based or quantitative research (data in number form that is analyzed through statistics). Next, a brief description of different approaches and methods of qualitative research is provided. Finally, references to various texts and written resources can assist the researcher or administrator to design an approach to assessment that provides insight and useful information not available through survey-style methods alone.